The iceberg model is a metaphor that helps us understand the multi-level nature of a problem. Above the surface are the visible symptoms of the problem, our everyday experiences that may be changed by short term projects and initiatives. Below the surface are the systems we need to address to achieve long term change, the rules, responsibilities and resources that influence how the situation can evolve. If we go deeper still we encounter the mindsets or ways of thinking that allow the existing systems to persist. It is important to know which levels of the problem we are trying to solve.